Cinema’s Need for Spectacle
Keywords:
entertaining, worth remembering, unusual, exclusive or live, cinemaAbstract
For the film industry, cinema is the first channel of distribution and it is the single one dedicated, almost exclusively, to films. It is so much linked to the artistry of this industry that it borrowed its name after the art itself: cinematography.
The importance of this distribution channel is indisputable. Economically, it still brings the most revenue for an average movie. Artistically, it’s the most controllable environment in which an artist can showcase their work. Since the beginning, the existence of this distribution channel was threatened by various natural or man driven disasters or technological advancements and, in spite of all this, cinema managed to become the favourite source of entertainment only a couple of decades after its birth.
Cinema attendance reached its peak in the 1940’s, after that came the downfall. Although the attendance rate seems to be on a descending pattern, in times of crisis, the industry manages to find ways to slow down the descent rate. The problem is obvious, the people are reluctant to go to the cinema, but why and how it can be mended, that’s another problem altogether.
In this article I will analyze the solutions that were tested by the industry during the crises and their focus on enhancing one of the aspects of the spectacle of the cinema show. Each solution focused on either making the cinema show more entertaining, worth remembering, unusual, exclusive or live.
References
McGee, Mark Thomas, Beyond Ballyhoo: Motion Picture Promotion and Gimmicks, revised after the original edition published in 1989, North Carolina, McFarland, 2001
Berger, John L., ”A Brief History of the Widescreen Format.”, Widescreen.org, published in 1995, https://www.widescreen.org/, accessed on 05.11.2020
Blakemore, Erin, ”The Hollywood Extortion Racket That Gave Us Today‘s Summer Blockbusters”, History, 2017, https://www.history.com/, accessed on 02.11.2020
Blakemore, Erin, ”How TV Killed Hollywood‘s Golden Age” History, 2018, https://www.history.com/, accessed on 02.11.2020.
Calderon, Sarah, and Celia Fumanal, ”These Are 5 Keys the Indie Film Industry Could Extract from Event-Cinema.”, The Film Agency, 2019, https://thefilmagency.eu/, accessed on 05.11.2020
Cowden, Caterina, ”Movie Attendance Has Been On A Dismal Decline Since The 1940s.” Business Insider, 2015, https://www.businessinsider.com/movie-attendance-over-the-years- 2015-1, accessed on 05.11.2020
Dirks, Tim, ”The History of Film. The 1950s”, Filmsite, https://www.filmsite.org/, accessed on 05.11.2020
Dirks, Tim, ”The History of Film The 1970s”, FilmSite, https://www.filmsite.org/, accessed on 06.11.2020
Event Cinema Association, ”ECA Annual Report 2018”, Event Cinema Association, https://eventcinemaassociation.files.wordpress.com/2019/07/eca- annual-report-2018.-2.pdf, accessed on 05.11.2019
”History of the Fairground.”, The University of Sheffield, https://www.sheffield.ac.uk/nfca/researchandarticles/historyfairs, accessed on 03.11.2020
Lodge, Guy, ”Ben-Hur at 60: Why the Biblical Blockbuster Doesn‘t Hold Up.”, The Guardian, 2019, https://www.theguardian.com/, accessed on 11.11.2020
Nelson, Andrew, ”Cinema from Attractions: Story and Synergy in Disney‘s Theme Park Movies.”, Cinephile, vol. 4, no. 1, 2008, pp. 36-40. Cinephile.ca, http://cinephile.ca, accessed on 05.11.2020.
Pautz, Michelle, ”The Decline in Average Weekly Cinema Attendance: 1930 -2000.”, Issues in Political Economy, vol. 11, 2002, Elon University, https://blogs.elon.edu/ipe/, accessed on 02.11.2020
Pettinger, Tejvan, ”Cinema Attendance in UK.”, Economics Help, published on 10.01.2017, https://www.economicshelp.org, accessed on 02.11.2020
Schepelern, Peter. ”An Art and an Industry.”, A Century of Cinema, vol. XLVIII, no. July-August, 1995, pp. 5-8, UNESDOC Digital Library, https://unesdoc.unesco.org/ark:/48223/pf0000100576, accessed on 02.11.2020
Turner, Graeme, and Michael F. Duckham, Film as Social Practice. 4 ed., Trowbridge, Routledge, 2006, pp. 11, https://books.google.ro/books?id=gnQqIj0kl7sC, accessed on 05.11.2020
Avatar, directed by James Cameron, performances by Sam Worthington, Zoe Saldana, Stephen Lang, Michelle Rodriguez, and Sigourney Weaver, 20th Century Fox, 2009
Ben-Hur, directed by William Wyler, performance by Charlton Heston, Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer Studios Inc., 1959
Jaws, directed by Steven Spielberg, performances by Roy Scheider, Robert Shaw, Richard Dreyfuss and Lorraine Gary, Universal Pictures, 1975